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Dresden
Dresden () is the capital city〔Designated by article 2 of the 〕 of the Free State of Saxony in Germany. It is situated in a valley on the River Elbe, near the Czech border.
Dresden has a long history as the capital and royal residence for the Electors and Kings of Saxony, who for centuries furnished the city with cultural and artistic splendor. The city was known as the Jewel Box, because of its baroque and rococo city center. The controversial British and American bombing of Dresden in World War II towards the end of the war killed approximately 25,000, many of whom were civilians, and destroyed the entire city center. The bombing gutted the city, as it did for other major German cities. After the war restoration work has helped to reconstruct parts of the historic inner city, including the Katholische Hofkirche, the Semper Oper and the Dresdner Frauenkirche as well as the suburbs.
Before and since German reunification in 1990, Dresden was and is a cultural, educational, political and economic center of Germany and Europe. The Dresden University of Technology is one of the 10 largest universities in Germany and part of the German Universities Excellence Initiative.
==History==
Although Dresden is a relatively recent city of Germanic origin followed by settlement of Slavic peoples,〔''Dresden.de''. ("Prehistoric times", City of Dresden, n.d. ). Retrieved 24 April 2007.〕 the area had been settled in the Neolithic era by Linear Pottery culture tribes ca. 7500 BC.〔Rengert Elburg: (Man-animal relationships in the Early Neolithic of Dresden (Saxony, Germany) )〕 Dresden's founding and early growth is associated with the eastward expansion of Germanic peoples,〔 mining in the nearby Ore Mountains, and the establishment of the Margraviate of Meissen. Its name etymologically derives from Old Sorbian ''Drežďany'', meaning ''people of the forest''. Dresden later evolved into the capital of Saxony.
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